A variety of conditions can cause anal discomfort, itching, and irritation, but two of the most common are anal warts and hemorrhoids. Because both conditions affect the anal region, they can be difficult to distinguish without medical evaluation. However, understanding their differences can help you recognize symptoms and seek appropriate treatment. In this blog, the experts at Piedmont Colorectal Associates help to break down the differences.

What Are Anal Warts?

Anal warts, also known as condyloma acuminata, are small, flesh-colored or grayish growths caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). They may appear as singular bumps or clusters around the anus and sometimes extend into the anal canal.

Common symptoms of anal warts include:

• Small, raised, or flat bumps around the anus
• Itching or mild discomfort
• A sensation of fullness in the anal area
• No pain or bleeding in most cases

Anal warts are typically not painful and may go unnoticed at first. However, they can grow larger and spread if left untreated.

What Are Hemorrhoids?

Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the lower rectum and anus, often caused by straining during bowel movements, chronic constipation, pregnancy, or prolonged sitting. They can be internal (inside the rectum) or external (under the skin around the anus).

Common symptoms of hemorrhoids include:

• Bright red blood after wiping or in the stool
• Swelling or a lump near the anus
• Pain, itching, or irritation
• Discomfort during bowel movements

Unlike anal warts, hemorrhoids are more likely to cause pain and bleeding, especially if they become thrombosed (develop a blood clot).

How to Tell the Difference

While anal warts and hemorrhoids share some overlapping symptoms, key differences can help differentiate them:

• Appearance: Anal warts are soft, flesh-colored, and irregularly shaped, while hemorrhoids are swollen, often dark red or purple, and more uniform in size.
• Pain and bleeding: Hemorrhoids are more often prone to pain and bleeding, while anal warts do not typically bleed unless irritated.
• Cause: Anal warts are caused by HPV, a viral infection, whereas hemorrhoids result from increased pressure in the rectal veins.

When to See a Doctor

Because these conditions require different treatments, it’s important to seek medical evaluation if you experience anal lumps, bleeding, or discomfort. A colorectal specialist can diagnose the issue with a physical exam and, if needed, additional tests such as anoscopy or biopsy.

If you are experiencing anal discomfort or are unsure whether you have hemorrhoids or anal warts, Piedmont Colorectal Associates can provide a proper diagnosis and effective treatment options. Schedule an appointment in Atlanta, Georgia today by calling (404) 351-7900.